*looks around the thread*
This place is in need of some interesting trivia. So, for my 2000th post I shall disseminate some facts on Modernist architecture, it's rise and fall, and Le Corbusier's stupid plan for Paris.
First, a quick recap of what modernism is.
With origins in the early 19th century and officially kicking off with Joseph Paxton's debut of The Crystal Palace at the Great Exhibit in 1851. Modernist architecture was a natural result of the industrial revolution allowing for the mass production of building materials previously not economically viable or even possible for building construction. This included iron, steel, glass panels, and concrete. As an extension of the machines that made these materials, the buildings themselves were thought off as machines. Obviously not literally, but they did use the same philosophy. Architects utilized interchangeable components that fit together in unique ways. These components were not hidden away behind walls, fancy wood trim, or carved stonework, like previous generations would, they were put front and center and were integral to the building's aesthetic. Modernism became incredibly popular in Europe and spread throughout the continent and even America.
So why did the movement fail?
Modernism used design that followed idea of
form follows function. To translate what that vague statement means, Modernism believes that functionality is the most important part of a building. And whatever the architect does to meet that functionality is considered the design. Things such as aesthetics, style, and iconography that tied a building to a particular region and a particular time were gone. Things like distinct Greek columns, the arcades of the Romans, the proportional curves of the Baroque, the intricate masonry of Brick Gothic, all pushed aside. Architects at the time wanted to make a new Architectural language, a universal language. One that distilled everything down to its most basic component. Buildings were now basically Lego pieces, mass produced components assembled for efficiency. This was most obvious in Le Corbusier's "Domino".
The Domino was a modular structure that was meant to show how buildings could be assembled in pieces. Link enough of these modules together, add a curtain wall facade, and boom you're done.
(Here's a fun game: based solely on the design of the building, name the country, hell the continent this Le Corbuisier building is located)
It was not a very inspiring design philosophy and people quickly grew tired of it. They felt no connection to these buildings, no sense that there was a link to their culture or identity. All the buildings just sort of blended together into one big, grey, concrete cubes. This was perhaps most apparent in Le Corbusier's design for the redevelopment of Paris.
A New Paris
Le Corbusier was a brilliant architect and much of his work stands the test of time. However, the Plan Voisin was not one of them. He wanted to bulldoze the iconic city and completely rebuild it with Modernist architecture. Say goodbye to the Renaissance designs, the Early Gothic proportions, the iconic curves of the Mansard roofs, everything that made Paris Paris.
His proposed solution to replace it all with 18 identical 60-story skyscrapers crisscrossed with arterial superhighways.
Hatched in the mid-1920's and backed by automobile manufacturer Avions Voisin, the entire area between the river Seine and Montmartre would have been knocked down and filled with a bunch of Blade Runner towers for Parisians to jump off of once they'd seen what had been done to their city. Obviously, the idea was rejected.
Say hello to Postmodernism
Modernism continued on and would architects would produce some amazing works. But the style slowly faded until the 1960's with the rise of Postmodernism. Postmodern architecture was a kind of course correction in design. It's a blend of past and future. It kept some of the elements of Modernism, like standardized components and open floor design, but reintroduced the regional identity that got lost in the quest for machine like uniformity. Because if you're going to put modernism in Paris, this is how you do it:
Now, for a reset
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