Furrium
Hmm
I apologize or congratulate you that I was not there yesterday, I was preparing for today's history test (on the Internet), everything is fine, I have an excellent mark. But because of this, today I will tell 2 F A C T S.
Fact No. 2
Fragmentation of russia
In 70 years of the 11th century, feuds began in Russia. All killed each other, which was used by the Polovtsy, who began to raid. Therefore, a meeting was convened in 1097, where it was proposed to divide Russia. After that, Russia was divided into many small states (like about 15, but then there were more). Talk about each of them for a long time, so here is a map (Novgorod land in green).
Fact No. 3
Tatar-Mongol invasion.
Since I don't remember much about it, I will talk about it briefly.
There were Mongolian tribes, one of which was the Mongols proper as well as the Tatars. Then in the Mongol tribes there was a power struggle which Temujin won. He united the tribes, and soon at a meeting of the nobility he was proclaimed the eldest under the name Genghis Khan. Then he began to conquer everything around, including Russia, was 1237. He took advantage of the fragmentation of Russia and went to fight, then Batu Khan continued to fight, then the Golden Horde formed, then it broke up, then there was Khan Mamai, then she gathered again. Then it fell apart again, then Russia began to win in some battles. The Golden Horde was weakening; there was Khan Tokhtamysh. Then Russia won, everything is cool, 1480.
Now about the device of dependence of Russia on the Mongol-Tatars. All lands paid a big tribute, it's like 80-90% income taxes for you. All the princes had to take the right to rule their lands, which was requested from the khan, they could deprive him of this right, or vice versa, transfer to him. There was such a prince, Ivan Kalita, he first complained about his enemies to the khans, then he himself began to strengthen the Moscow principality. Yes, during the period of dependence, the Moscow principality began to dominate in Russia, before Kiev was the head, but the weakening of Kiev began earlier. The principality of Moscow was struggling hard to become the main one; there was a tough war between the princes. In fact, all the principalities had to do was unite, but they fought with each other. As soon as the principality became strong, the khans of the Golden Horde took away the right to rule from the prince and transferred to another. It is impossible not to say about the Principality of Lithuania, it was not part of Russia and Russia fought against it before the capture of the Golden Horde, and during the period of dependence it often attacked and some princes were in alliance with it. By the way, in 1366, Prince Dmitry Donskoy ruled in Moscow and he replaced the wooden walls of the fortress with white stone walls, so the Kremlin arose, white. By the way, the Mongol-Tatars often devastated Russian lands, including Moscow.
It seems to be all, here is a map of the development of the Mongol Empire during its development and the white Kremlin.
Fact No. 2
Fragmentation of russia
In 70 years of the 11th century, feuds began in Russia. All killed each other, which was used by the Polovtsy, who began to raid. Therefore, a meeting was convened in 1097, where it was proposed to divide Russia. After that, Russia was divided into many small states (like about 15, but then there were more). Talk about each of them for a long time, so here is a map (Novgorod land in green).
Fact No. 3
Tatar-Mongol invasion.
Since I don't remember much about it, I will talk about it briefly.
There were Mongolian tribes, one of which was the Mongols proper as well as the Tatars. Then in the Mongol tribes there was a power struggle which Temujin won. He united the tribes, and soon at a meeting of the nobility he was proclaimed the eldest under the name Genghis Khan. Then he began to conquer everything around, including Russia, was 1237. He took advantage of the fragmentation of Russia and went to fight, then Batu Khan continued to fight, then the Golden Horde formed, then it broke up, then there was Khan Mamai, then she gathered again. Then it fell apart again, then Russia began to win in some battles. The Golden Horde was weakening; there was Khan Tokhtamysh. Then Russia won, everything is cool, 1480.
Now about the device of dependence of Russia on the Mongol-Tatars. All lands paid a big tribute, it's like 80-90% income taxes for you. All the princes had to take the right to rule their lands, which was requested from the khan, they could deprive him of this right, or vice versa, transfer to him. There was such a prince, Ivan Kalita, he first complained about his enemies to the khans, then he himself began to strengthen the Moscow principality. Yes, during the period of dependence, the Moscow principality began to dominate in Russia, before Kiev was the head, but the weakening of Kiev began earlier. The principality of Moscow was struggling hard to become the main one; there was a tough war between the princes. In fact, all the principalities had to do was unite, but they fought with each other. As soon as the principality became strong, the khans of the Golden Horde took away the right to rule from the prince and transferred to another. It is impossible not to say about the Principality of Lithuania, it was not part of Russia and Russia fought against it before the capture of the Golden Horde, and during the period of dependence it often attacked and some princes were in alliance with it. By the way, in 1366, Prince Dmitry Donskoy ruled in Moscow and he replaced the wooden walls of the fortress with white stone walls, so the Kremlin arose, white. By the way, the Mongol-Tatars often devastated Russian lands, including Moscow.
It seems to be all, here is a map of the development of the Mongol Empire during its development and the white Kremlin.
